WAR: MUSLIMS DOING WELL: Blacks Vs Muslims: Sustaining security in Mozambique a tall task – My Analysis
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2007: US Generals too afraid to fight Iran Generals Threaten to Quit
Here is a very important story from my old AfricanCrisis archive. This shows you how unhappy American Generals were about attacking Iran. I bet that it‘s still very similar. They know it‘s too difficult.
[This is fascinating news about the Black Muslims. A bunch of important factors are now coming out and it's good news for the Muslims. I had been unaware of how the Muslims would react to the Black troops from 3 nations. I estimated that there would be about 3,800 Black troops fighting the Muslims, based on the various numbers that were pledged. It is fascinating to see that South Africa only sent 300 of the pledged 1,500 troops. A surprising development, that is HUGE … is that the Muslims moved a bunch of their troops out of the area, and moved further westwards and are thus not under direct threat from the Black armies. The Rwandan army originally was something of a mystery. I get the impression that the French might have paid them off to come all the way to Mozambique to protest the big gas facilities. So now the Muslims have totally outmanoeuvred the Black armies and they've opened up a NEW FRONT elsewhere! This is awesome. This means that given time, these Muslims will be unstoppable despite their small size. They are flexible and raiding in new areas. There have been other Muslims they hunted down and they killed a few, but when I look at the way this is going, it's already turning into a loss for these Black Communist states like South Africa and Mozambique. Another additional point is that the Muslims have a HOME GROUND ADVANTAGE. This is where they live and they could operate there for years or even decades! Whereas the non-Mozambican forces like the South Africans and the Rwandans need money and need to be replenished and changed. Already MONEY IS BECOMING A PROBLEM – just to sustain these TINY ARMIES OF BLACKS!!! In fact, they need to get money FROM OUTSIDE AFRICA IN ORDER TO CONTINUE! This is HUGE. This is very bad for these states. It means that if the Black Muslims remain creative and flexible, that they could survive for a long period of time. It seems to me the Black states will not be able to afford fighting against the Muslims!!!! This is really excellent news. This teeny weeny army of Black Muslims is far from being defeated. And if they can move to ever newer areas, they could even, one day spill across borders into other Black countries. The African Union is so useless, that it is possible that they might not be able to actually defeat this tiny Muslim army!!! This has serious implications for the future for the Blacks. The Blacks seem to be trying a "hearts and minds" approach to these Black Muslims, but I am curious to see how that goes. I don't think it will be able to solve the problem. This could get VERY INTERESTING in the decades to come. Jan]
Amid the many challenges of rooting out Islamist extremists from the dense forests of northeastern Mozambique lies another issue — how to sustain the joint military effort.
In addition to the Armed Defence Forces of Mozambique (FADM), military forces from the region and Rwanda were deployed in 2021 to the restive province of Cabo Delgado, where extremist insurgents have been terrorizing civilians for several years.
Since 2017, at least 3,600 people in the province have been killed by terrorists and more than 820 000 have fled their homes.
Progress has been made on the ground against Ansar al-Sunna, which is known locally as al-Shabaab but is not related to the Somalia-based terror group of the same name.
“After suffering defeats in Cabo Delgado last year, al-Shabaab withdrew some fighters from the area,” South African security expert Liesl Louw-Vaudran told The Irish Times newspaper. “They have re-emerged in Niassa — a province to the west of Cabo Delgado that borders Malawi — where they have been attacking and looting villages recently.”
Louw-Vaudran, senior researcher at the Institute of Security Studies, warned that troop levels and logistical equipment are less than what’s needed, while communication and collaboration among the three forces are lacking.
On 12 January, the Southern African Development Community (SADC) renewed the mandate of its Standby Force Mission in Mozambique (SAMIM) for a second time. The regional bloc budgeted $29.5 million for the first half of the six-month extension.
When SAMIM was deployed in July 2021, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa said his country budgeted nearly a billion rand for its share of the first three months of the deployment.
SAMIM’s forces are roughly a third of the 2 916 soldiers that the mission originally called for, and there are reportedly only two transport helicopters shuttling troops in and out of battle.
Of the nearly 1 500 personnel promised, South Africa has deployed just 300 special forces troops.
Although infantry troops are expected to reinforce SAMIM in the coming months, experts in South Africa warn that such deployments are not guaranteed because of financial and logistical constraints.
SAMIM has been funded by SADC member states thus far, but the regional bloc reportedly has reached out to international bodies for financial support.
Rwanda has also played a major role and has requested European Union funding to support its efforts. Reports from Cabo Delgado show 2 000 to 3 000 Rwandan soldiers focused on the coast and specifically providing security for Mozambique’s natural gas reserves near the town of Palma.
“With the insurgents at this point effectively refusing to engage with Rwandan forces along that corridor, the conflict is increasingly becoming a three-way fight, with insurgents on one side and Mozambican and SAMIM forces on the other,” according to conflict observatory Cabo Ligado’s 17-23 January report.
The fractured nature of the current approach in Mozambique and a clear need for international funding has observers questioning whether the SADC can sustain its troop deployment long term.
According to the United Nations, 97 of its 393 humanitarian activities in the country are deployed in Cabo Delgado. From 1995 to 2015, the UN partnered with the African Union to lower the percentage of Mozambicans facing food insecurity from 61% to 24%.
With a history of joint peacekeeping operations on the continent, could the UN and the AU play a role in sustaining operations in northern Mozambique?
“The AU’s African Standby Force (ASF) is coordinated from Addis Ababa, [Ethiopia], and logically the regional standby forces should rely on AU Commission support and convening power,” Louw-Vaudran wrote on her organization’s website. “However, questions have been asked for some time about the ASF’s role in dealing with fast-changing and complex situations.
“Increasingly, AU officials call for ad hoc assistance from African countries to solve crises on the continent, especially violent extremism as seen in Mozambique.”
Although its future shape is opaque, the political will for the regional mission remains in place as evidenced by the recent remarks of SADC Chairperson and Malawian President Lazarus Chakwera.
“What remains now is for us to stay the course and stick together,” he said to open the SADC summit on 12 January. “We cannot relent. We cannot regress. We cannot retreat.
“Our approach to this mission must continue to be multidimensional and comprehensive. It must not only focus on neutralizing the threat, but also have post-conflict plans to rebuild.”
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